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Disputed Scriptures

Disputed Scriptures

Basic Listing

The Scrip­tures of the Eng­lish Prot­es­tant Apoc­ry­pha (EPA) are all part of what is known as the “Com­plete” West­ern Canon.  You can see that it cor­re­sponds to the com­bi­na­tion of the Roman Cath­o­lic Deu­ter­o­canon with the Roman Cath­o­lic Apoc­ry­pha.  Note that all of the Roman Cath­o­lic Deu­ter­o­canon is included in the EPA, and that all of the EPA except for 2 Esdras and (sometimes) the Prayer of Manasseh is included in East­ern Ortho­dox bibles.  East­ern Ortho­dox churches do not have a defined (offi­cial) bib­li­cal canon, and this list is based on the inclu­sion of Scrip­tures in bibles which have received for­mal author­i­za­tion (blessed) by var­i­ous East­ern Ortho­dox churches.1  Click on a Scripture title to see more details.
Title (alternate) % 2 3 Found in
Roman Cath­olic Deu­ter­o­canon Eng­lish Prot­es­tant Apoc­ry­pha East­ern Ortho­dox Ana­gig­no­sko­mena
Title (alternate) % 2 3 Roman Cath­olic Deu­ter­o­canon Eng­lish Prot­es­tant Apoc­ry­pha East­ern Ortho­dox Ana­gig­no­sko­mena
Found in
KJV2 Apoc­ry­pha 15.3% 15 Scriptures (9 books, 6 chapters)
Tobit 0.7% Tb Tob YES YES YES
Judith 1.2% Jt Jth YES YES YES
1 Maccabees 2.5% 1M 1Ma YES YES YES
2 Maccabees 1.8% 2M 2Ma YES YES YES
Wisdom (of Solomon) 1.2% Ws Wis YES YES YES
Ecclesiasticus (Wisdom of Jesus Ben Sirach) 3.2% Si Sir YES YES YES
Baruch 0.4% Br Bar YES YES YES
Additions to (Rest of) Esther 0.3% AE AdE YES YES YES
Psalm of Azariah & The Song of the Three Children 0.1% S3 S3C YES YES YES
Title (alternate) % 2 3 Found in
Roman Cath­olic Deu­ter­o­canon Eng­lish Prot­es­tant Apoc­ry­pha East­ern Ortho­dox Ana­gig­no­sko­mena
Susanna 0.2% Su Sus YES YES YES
Bel and the Dragon 0.1% Bl Bel YES YES YES
Letter of Jeremiah 0.2% LJ LJr YES YES YES
1 Esdras 1.3% 1E 1Es APOC YES YES
2 Esdras 2.2% 2E 2Es APOC YES Slavonic Only
The Prayer of Manasseh 0.04% Mn Man APOC YES SOME
3 Maccabees N.I. 3M 3Ma NO NO YES
4 Maccabees N.I. 4M 4Ma NO NO Greek Appendix Only
Psalm 151 N.I. NO NO YES
Odes N.I. Od Ode NO NO SOME

Books — Details Listing

Books are listed alpha­bet­i­cally by title.  Infor­ma­tion regard­ing Ori­gi­nal Lan­guage and Date of Author­ship is taken from the Har­per­Col­lins Bible Dic­tion­ary (HCBD).3  For pur­poses of com­par­i­son:  the HCBD dates the book of Dan­iel to 168-164 B.C.E., and the book of Esther to 322-200 B.C.E.  You may find this sig­nif­i­cant, as these dates sug­gest that Bar­uch, Tobit, the Let­ter of Jer­e­miah and Psalm 151 are as ancient as these two most recent Scrip­tures of the Hebrew Bible.
Common Title (alternate title) Original Language Estimated Date of Authorship First Recorded Official Inclusion
Common Title (alternate title) Original Language Estimated Date of Authorship First Recorded Official Inclusion
Baruch Hebrew About 200 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Ecclesiasticus (Wisdom of Jesus Ben Sirach) Hebrew About 180 B.C.E. 393 C.E. Synod of Hippo
1 Esdras Greek (from Hebrew sources) Between 150 and 100 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
2 Esdras Hebrew ? Between 70 and 100 C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Judith Hebrew ? Shortly after 161 B.C.E. 393 C.E. Synod of Hippo
1 Maccabees Hebrew Between 104 and 63 B.C.E. 393 C.E. Synod of Hippo
2 Maccabees Greek After 110 B.C.E. 393 C.E. Synod of Hippo
3 Maccabees Greek Between 50 B.C.E. and 41 C.E. No information.
4 Maccabees Greek Probably from 37 to 41 C.E. No information.
Tobit Aramaic (Hebrew) Before 200 B.C.E. 393 C.E. Synod of Hippo
Wisdom (of Solomon) Greek Between 50 B.C.E. and 41 C.E. 393 C.E. Synod of Hippo
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Chapters — Details Listing

Scrip­tures are listed accord­ing to the title of the book to which they are nor­mally included.  Infor­ma­tion regard­ing Ori­gi­nal Lan­guage and Date of Author­ship is taken from the Har­per­Col­lins Bible Dic­tion­ary.
Common Title (alternate title) Included With (alternate) Original Language Estimated Date of Authorship First Recorded Official Inclusion
Common Title (alternate title) Included With (alternate) Original Language Estimated Date of Authorship First Recorded Official Inclusion
Letter of Jeremiah Baruch (Jeremiah) Hebrew Fourth century B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Prayer of Manasseh 2 Chronicles (Psalms, Odes) Uncertain Between 200 and 1 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Psalm of Azariah & Song of the Three Children Daniel (Odes) Hebrew Between 167 and 100 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Susanna Daniel Hebrew Between 167 and 100 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Bel and the Dragon Daniel Hebrew Between 167 and 100 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Additions to (Rest of) Esther Esther Hebrew (includes quotations from Greek documents) Between 114 and 44 B.C.E. 1563 C.E. 39 Articles
Psalm 151 Psalms Hebrew Before 200 B.C.E. No information.
Odes Psalms No information. No information. No information.
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References

  1. Inspiration, Canon and Authority of Scripture:  an Orthodox Hermeneutical Perspective.  Vassiliadis, Petros.  Publisher unknown.  Article accessed November 17, 2008.
  2. The Bible:  Authorized King James Version  Oxford University Press Inc.  (Note:  this is the “Standard Text,” also known as the Oxford Revision of 1769.)
  3. HarperCollins® Bible Dictionary.  Achtemeier, Paul J., editor.  Copyright © 1985, 1996 by The Society of Biblical Literature.  All rights reserved.
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